Thursday, January 30, 2014

We Jokes: Lightbulb

 
Q - How many trans people does it take to change a light bulb?

A - Only one, but they have to live for a year in the dark to be completely, absolutely sure it needs changing and have the confirming opinions of 2 electricians (at least one with a PhD).

Excerpt from BELOVED PILGRIM by Christopher Hawthorne Moss

Elisabeth found herself left out of the boys’ preparations. She could only stand on the periphery and watch glumly as the three men in her life spent every waking moment arranging to leave her behind, to a fate she could not comprehend. She realized how much more her mother must dread this parting. Though they had rarely talked, mother to daughter, she Elisabeth sought her Adalberta out and confided her fears.
 
“Mama, how will we bear it?” she sighed while the two sat together in Adalberta’s solar.
 
Adalberta put a comforting hand on her daughter’s supple one. “That is our lot, my dear. Women wait while men go abroad.”
 
“Men are so selfish!” Elisabeth could not restrain her outburst.
 
Her mother shook her head. “Nay, it is not selfishness. It is duty. Theirs is to obey their masters. Ours is to obey them.”
 
“I don’t understand why it has to be like that. Peasant men and women work together in almost everything. I have seen them, side by side in the fields, planting or harvesting. Why can we not do the same? And why do they have to go to war anyway? It seems to me that life would be so much better without going to war.” Elisabeth’s face held a petulant sort of challenge.
 
Elisabeth seemed pensive. Her mother finally prodded, “What else bothers you, my daughter?”
 
Elisabeth raised bleak eyes to her mother’s face. With a hushed voice, she asked her, “Mama, do you think since Elias and I are twins, I might be more like him than if I had been born separately?”
 
Adalberta’s frowned, her forehead furrowing. “What do you mean?”
 
“I mean, what if I am not entirely a girl? What if being twins means Elias and I share some of each other’s, um, manliness and womanliness?”
 
“What in the Virgin’s name are you talking about?” her mother said querulously.
Elisabeth would not meet her eyes. She did not share her thoughts about her brother’s “unmanly” love for his friend. She was uncertain how to describe her own feelings of being in the wrong body. “I don’t know. I just don’t feel like a girl. I don’t want anything of a woman’s life. I don’t enjoy sitting and sewing and waiting for the men to do all the living. I want to live too. I want what boys have.”
 
Sighing, her mother shook her head. “I have failed you, my daughter, and for that I am most heartily sorry. I have not spent the time with you that I should. You spend all your time in your brother’s company, never learning what it is to be a woman. I hoped Marta would fill my place, but she is even more indulgent than I.” Reaching to cradle Elisabeth’s chin in her palm, she drew Elisabeth’s reluctant eyes to her own. “Perhaps it is best if my lord does go to the Holy Land and prays for my health. Perhaps it is not too late for me to spend the time with you I have neglected. There is so much you have to learn before you are wed.”
 
Fear clouded Elisabeth’s eyes. “And that is another thing! I hardly know Reinhardt. What I do remember, I did not like.”
 
“He is strong and can provide for you and your children. He is an honorable man you can be proud of.” She let go of her daughter’s chin. “It is for the best.”
 
Elisabeth stood and stepped stiffly to the window embrasure. “I shan’t need to be provided for. I will die giving birth to his brats just like his other wives. That’s all women are for. To have babies, then die.” Her thoughtless words hit her like a slap. She whirled to face her mother. “Oh, my dearest Mama, I am so sorry! I did not mean….”
 
Adalberta shook her head compassionately. “I know you did not mean to hurt my feelings. And truly, darling, I understand your fear. You cannot know the joys that make it all worthwhile. The companionship of your husband, the satisfaction of running your household, and, most of all, the love for your children.” She put out her thin arms to Elisabeth, who went to her, knelt, and leaned into the embrace.
 
“You have Papa. He loves you. That is why you endure it all.”
 
Pressing Elisabeth’s head to her breast, she Adalberta reassured her, “Your Papa and I love each other very much, and it is true. But we did not even know each other when we were wed. Love came over time. And from our union came you and your brother. Just think, if I had thought like you do now, none of that could have ever come about.”
 
Elisabeth nodded against her mother’s body. “I don’t understand how Papa can go and leave you suffering.”
 
“It is because I am suffering that he is going!”
 
Looking up at her mother’s strained expression, Elisabeth shook her head. “I know that, Mama, but it is more. He wants to go. Almost as much as Elias and Albrecht. Why do they want to go and leave us behind?”
 
Adalberta pulled her daughter Elisabeth up so she could sit beside her on the settle. Putting her arm around Elisabeth’ Elisabeth’s waist, she chuckled. “I think you know why the boys want to go. As for your father….” She paused. “Let me see if I can explain it. Your father was ever a loyal man to Emperor Henry, in spite of the great man’s petty quarrels with the Holy Father. Over the years, he has become disillusioned. He says that he now believes that the emperor has used the disputes simply for his own arrogant purposes.” She leaned her head on Elisabeth’s. “You know your father is a brave and honorable knight. He needs to turn his energies to a worthy cause. He needs… redemption.”
 
Elisabeth subsided. “I know, Mama. But I will miss them all. And I will worry as well.”
“As will I, dearest. As will I.” She lifted her head and leaned to look into Elisabeth’s face. “But think of it, liebchen, we have a wedding to plan! Is that not exciting too?”
 
Without conviction Elisabeth answered, “Yes, Mama.”
 
Harmony Ink Press

Wednesday, January 29, 2014

Someone Like Me: Transgender Youth Need Protagonists that Reflect Their Lives

Children and youth are naturally imitative.  That’s how humans learn everything from facial expressions to language to how to behave.  The power of a positive role model is for them the comfort of knowing that this example is worthy of their imitation and shows the properness and success of particular behaviors.  Kids turn to sports figures, actors and singers, family and community members to be shown how to be in the world.  It is entirely normal and smart to learn how to deal with the stressors and challenges as we grow up by seeing how an admirable person copes.

But with the greater stressors and challenges GLBT youth face finding role models can be difficult.  So much is needed, for parents to accept a child’s sexuality and identity, for those who appear to thrive on condemning GLBT people religiously and politically to silence their own hate, and for public figures to come out, so that these young people have less to fear and more positive examples to follow.  It’s a matter of life and death, with suicide being so much greater among GLBT youth than others.

There is nothing unique about GLBT youth and role models found in books.  All kids who read or at least watch TV or movies turn to fictional characters to model themselves on.  The difference is that there are so many fewer role models who are gay, lesbian or transgender.  The isolation for these youth is impacted by not even having fictional role models.  Every child takes in the influence of how an admired character handles the same challenges as he or she faces.  When there are so few “like me” available to the GLBT young person, what succor could have been there is simply and starkly absent.

This is why publishers like Harmony Ink Press are so vital to the collective health of our society and our young people.  All need to see GLBT kids coping in the world, making mistakes but learning and developing strong self-esteem.  This is not confined to the GLBT characters illustrated.  Other kids need to have role models who are not antagonistic, prejudiced, ignorant, or intolerant of people not like them.  But it will be the ostracized and condemned young people who will benefit most by reading books with characters who share the sexual preference and/or gender identity.
Some adults are afraid that such books will encourage children to be gay or transgender.  No, these books will teach GLBT kids to be happy and whole.

School and municipal libraries must aggressively seek books that have GLBT role models, since too often parents will try to control what cannot be threatened or cajoled out of a child.  They won’t buy the books, and for the most part the kids won’t know about them or how to access them.
Even though I did not fully recognize it until I was well into adulthood, I know that as a transgender person from birth that I could only have benefited from literary role models as a child and teen.  The female characters I read then always disappointed me.  In a kid’s book I read, GRETA THE BOLD, the title character wants to be a knight, but in the story she gives it all up for her man in the end.  This was the norm in these books, resulting in my wanting and needing one thing but having my choices invalidated.

I wrote BELOVED PILGRIM originally trying to create a female character I could myself relate to, but as a result of the experience I began to see my gender identity coalesce into the mental and emotional male I am in spite of my female body.  Harmony Ink Press encouraged me to reconsider the novel with a transgender protagonist in place of the original lesbian.  Rather than replacing her, she became enhanced as the “he” she always really had been.  As I quip now, it turns out that the woman character I can relate to is really down deep a man.  The story is ideal for showing the progress a trans-kid might go through to find the authentic identity their environment rarely provides.
You might think a contemporary reader would find little to identify with in historical novels, but I can assure you, the element of fantasy, while not literal in the genre, appeals mightily to the youthful imagination.  Though female bodied, I spent a great deal of my childhood playing Robin Hood or some other heroic medieval male role.  “Pretending” allows one to step outside the limitations of everyday life and be someone you simply could never be.  I read every such novel, YA or otherwise, I could to live my authentic life through the strong male character.  Imagine what it might have done for me to have a character, like BELOVED PILGRIM’s Elisabeth/Elias who more completely matched who I was in my own transgender self.

The increasing number of authors who seek to provide positive role models for gay and lesbian youth is making quite a dent in the former lack thereof.  That needs to happen for transgender youth as well.  Even if the young person finds only fictional characters to have as role models, they are at least that much no longer alone.

Request reprint permission from Christopher Moss.

Monday, January 27, 2014

New YA Historical Novel Features FTM Knight

 
BELOVED PILGRIM
by Christopher Hawthorne Moss
Harmony Ink Press
 
Available in ebook formats and paperback.
 
 
When her twin brother perishes of a fever, Ellisabeth dons his armor and identity and heads for the most devastating of the Crusades.  As Elias, he must make his way in a world of men, fighting alongside them and facing betrayal and loss in order to make his way back to his lady love in the magnificent city of Constantinople.
 
Read more at That's All I Read.
 


Saturday, January 25, 2014

Labels: Top Transmen Names

Actually, these aren't the top.  They are just ones I've taken note of.  My own name is rather boring: Christopher.  It only gets transmannish when I tell you might nickname is Kit.  But I find that many transmen take rather heroic names, names of princes in fantasy games or the like.

Let me say right now I love them all.  I have always loved creative names.

Phoenix
Emrys
Zander
Ceistean
Lots of Seans, often with a second name, like Sraan-Michael
Diwa
Mason
Troi
Shasta
Tray
Lancer
Kelsey
Aidan
Jamison, but that was already his name
Seth
Atan
Tory
Patch
Colin
Jamie
Jayden
Mica

Then there are the boring ones, like mine, and Nathan, Robert, Jay, Peter.

What's yours and why did you choose it?  I chose mine because I have always loved the name Kit.

Friday, January 24, 2014

YA Transgender Novels You Shouldn't Miss

 
Of course, there is BEELOVED PILGRIM, 2nd Edition, which I wrote, but far from being the only novel for and about transgender youth, there are a growing number whose titles and authors I would like to pass along.

This is by no means as long a list as it could and should be!  Tell us about more in the comments below!

FREEING STELLA by Zoe Lynne

Stella Marshall feels invisible to everyone but her sister Jessica and best friend Jenna. Thanks to their Friday night LGBTQ youth group meetings, she can be true to herself and cast aside the boy she was born as, Steven. The rest of the time, she locks herself away, because if her super conservative, Christian parents ever found out….

When her little sister admits to liking a girl as more than a friend, it becomes ten times harder for Stella to keep up the charade. She wants to stand by Jess and take some of the heat away, and that means coming out of the closet—even if it costs Stella her family and the girl of her dreams, Lillian Nelson. Unfortunately, it’s too frightening to give up the security of hiding behind Steven. But Stella knows she has to be brave, for herself and her sister.

THE OTHER ME by Suzanne Van Rooyen

Fifteen-year-old Treasa Prescott thinks she's an alien. She doesn’t fit in with the preppy South African private school crowd and feels claustrophobic in her own skin. Treasa is worried she might spend life as a social pariah when she meets Gabriel du Preez. Gabriel plays the piano better than Beethoven, has a black belt in karate, and would look good wearing a garbage bag. Treasa thinks he’s perfect. It might even be love, as long as Gabriel doesn't find out she's a freak.

As Treasa spends time with Gabriel, she realizes she might not love him as much as she wants to be him, and that the reason she feels uncomfortable in her skin might have less to do with extra-terrestrial origins and more to do with being born in the wrong body.

But Gabriel is not the perfect boy Treasa imagines. He harbors dark secrets and self-destructive tendencies. Still, Treasa might be able to accept Gabriel’s baggage if he can accept who she longs to be.

BEAUTIFUL MUSIC FOR UGLY CHILDREN by Kirstin Cronn-Mills

"This is Beautiful Music for Ugly Children, on community radio 90.3, KZUK. I'm Gabe. Welcome to my show."

My birth name is Elizabeth, but I'm a guy. Gabe. My parents think I've gone crazy and the rest of the world is happy to agree with them, but I know I'm right. I've been a boy my whole life.

When you think about it, I'm like a record. Elizabeth is my A side, the song everybody knows, and Gabe is my B side--not heard as often, but just as good.

It's time to let my B side play.


LUCKY by Tia Fielding

Sloane would've given anything to have been born with the right body, but he hadn't. He’d have given anything to have his family back, but his father insisted that until Sloane was ready to become his heterosexual daughter again, he wanted nothing to do with him. So Sloane dealt with the challenges of living transgendered as best he could. Luckily, his best friend Jace was there with him every step of the way. Jace is the best man Sloane has ever met, but Jace is gay and Sloane still doesn’t have the right parts – until Jace proves that he loves Sloane just the way he is


REFUSE by Elliot Deline

Dean, a 22-year old female-to-male-transsexual, is no LGBT poster boy. Unemployed, depressed, mid-transition, friendless, and still living in the upstairs bedroom of his parents' house in a conservative suburb, he can think of little to do but write his memoir. In the third person, he tells the tale of his would-be love affair with his college roommate, Colin, another trans man with a girlfriend and a successful indie rock band. The plot is interrupted intermittently by Dean's first person commentary, often criticizing middle-class conformity-but also the queer counterculture from which he feels equally alienated. He is obsessed with Morrissey of The Smiths and wants nothing in life other than the same level of fame. As his far-fetched dreams become a foreseeable reality, he must decide between honesty and belonging, conformity or isolation, community or self....

BECOMING ALEC by Darwin Ward

Alec always thought she was a lesbian. She got thrown out of her house for it as a teenager, in fact. But when she moves to Chicago she begins a journey of self- discovery that leads to a place that she never imagined possible. She discovers that she isn't a lesbian at all....but a straight man.







How To Turn a Straight Woman Into a Gay Man




By Christopher Hawthorne Moss

To be honest, I never was a straight woman.  I was born with a female body, and as I matured sexually I knew my predilection was for men.  It’s not surprising that I thought I was a straight woman.  But I am and always have been a gay man.  It just took me 60 years to figure that out.  60 years of feeling out of place, not myself.

How can a person have a female body and be attracted to men sexually and not be a straight woman?  Easy.  Be born with a male brain.  It’s more common than you think. There are two times when a child is bathed within the uterus with sex hormones.  The first is very shortly after conception.  That bath determines what sexual organs the child will have.  Even then the options are astoundingly various, with many more combinations than just boy or girl. 

What has generally been unrealized is that there is a second time the fetus is soaked in a flow of hormones, and that is about six weeks into a pregnancy, just as the brain is starting to develop.  The hormones do not necessarily match the earlier set.  A girl baby may find herself with a male brain, and a boy baby may find himself with a female brain.  MRIs have shown many babies have brains with characteristics of both males and females.

Now let me ask you something.  If for strange science fiction reasons you were forced to choose either your body or your brain to survive, the other one being destroyed, which would you choose?  Are you your body?  Or are you your brain?  Looking at popular culture it seems we see our brains as who we are.  Think of stories with heads preserved alive in mad scientist labs. Your brain is essential to what we think of as a sentient being.  That’s where your mind, your thoughts, your personality, your perceptions of the world, your communication is located.  We never say of a person with a broken limb, “She’s out of her arm.”  But we most certainly say it of someone not acting normally “He’s out of his mind.””

That should explain what’s going on with someone who is transgender pretty clearly.  I’ll continue with myself as the example.  My body has been female, breasts, vagina, the whole nine yards, for all of my life.  So are the genes that identify me as XX.  I used to have a uterus, long gone now.  But I don’t have a penis and testicles, or a prostate.  Which am I, male, female, or none of the above?

From a very tender age, I don’t remember how long but it’s at least from the age of four, I knew I wasn’t like most girls.  I wasn’t into sports, not in the Little League way, but I was very much into swords and bows and arrows and male heroes like Robin Hood.  When we played “House” I chose to be “Brother”.  When I started writing stories, I never wrote about women except as side characters.  The letters and later stories a female friend and I wrote that ultimately became my first novel had us role-playing: she was the queen and I was King Lawrence.  As   far as I am concerned, I still am.

I knew something was not fitting when I came of age sexually.  I knew even then that I was not a straight woman.  Given the choices I thought I had, I guessed I must be a lesbian.  I tried living as one, but it never worked.   I wanted to be with a man.  It was not until I read gay and M/M fiction that I started to get a hint as to what was going on all this time.  I found the sex scenes very hot, but not as a spectator, as so many straight female writers explain.  I liked being one of the two men.  I felt everything the men were feeling, wanted everything they wanted, in spite of not having the equipment myself.  That’s why they call it fantasy, right?  Might it be more?

I soon learned that there is a difference between your sex, your gender identity and your sexual inclination.  Mix and match.  Many people, and this includes many gay, bisexual and lesbian people, have the mistaken belief that a person who is called transgender wants to be the other sex than they were born.  They believe the person wants it for sexual reasons, or they want it because they don’t think you can have both worlds, or they are disturbed or at best don’t really understand what they want. 

Where does the mistake lie?  Is it in whether a person can or should want to be other than they are?  No.  It’s in the assumption that the person wants to be a member of the opposite sex.  You can’t turn a straight woman into a gay man.  He already is one.  I already am and always have been a man.  My shell is as false as if I ran around in a dress.  If I could take off my body the way I can take off my clothes, then there would be no gender identity disorder.    You and I would see the same thing. a guy.  Me.

Why do we even lump gay and lesbian with transgender people?  There are straight transgender and gay and lesbian transgender.  It is because our society sees us as similar.  It is because we are subject to the same kinds of discrimination and violence.  It is because of ignorance and fear that gay/lesbian people and straight transgender people are treated the same way. 

Let me tell you that when a person has body modification to match his or her gender identity, they no longer have gender identity disorder.  They are the gender they know themselves to be.  The difference is only in the eye of the observer.

Perhaps the most profound example of my own confusion is my novel BELOVED PILGRIM which was released just yesterday by Harmony Ink Press.  I originally made the protagonist a lesbian who took the identity of a man in order to live as a knight.  I said I had written it so I could have the experience of writing a woman I could relate to.  Having written it on the brink of my understanding of myself as a man, I came to realize that the only kind of woman I could relate to is one who is really a man.  I rewrote the novel to reflect this new understanding, letting the protagonist Elisabeth/Elias experience the journey I had had.

I have been on hormones for about a year.  Since I realized truly who I am I have relaxed, become more natural, more at peace with and at home with myself.  My therapist observed  that my facial expressions are now that of a male, and along with the men’s clothing I wear, my posture and movements as well.  The real Christopher is emerging from the masquerade.  You see, with transgendered people, the change in dress is not the costume.  The clothing we used to wear was drag.  Those of us lucky enough to have access to the whole process of changing our biological bodies come to be clearly visible as their true gender. 

Wednesday, January 22, 2014

Chevalier d'Éon

Chevalier d'Éon

Despite d'Éon habitually wearing a dragoon's uniform, there were rumours that he was actually a woman, and a betting pool was started on the London Stock Exchange about his true sex. D'Éon was invited to join, but declined, saying that an examination would be dishonouring, whatever the result. After a year without progress, the wager was abandoned. In 1774, after the death of Louis XV, the secret du roi was abolished, and d'Éon tried to negotiate a return from exile. The French government's side of the negotiations was handled by the writer Pierre de Beaumarchais. The resulting twenty-page treaty permitted d'Éon to return to France and keep his ministerial pension, but required that d'Éon turn over the correspondence regarding the secret du roi.

The Chevalier d'Éon claimed to be physically not a man, but a woman, and demanded recognition by the government as such. She claimed to have been born anatomically female, but to have been raised as a boy because Louis d'Éon de Beaumont could only inherit from his in-laws if he had a son. King Louis XVI and his court complied, but demanded that d'Éon dress appropriately and wear women's clothing, although she was allowed to continue to wear the insignia of the Order of Saint-Louis. She agreed, especially when the king granted the chevalière funds for a new wardrobe. In 1777, after fourteen months of negotiation, d'Éon returned to France, and was banished to Tonnerre for six years.

When France began to help the rebels during the American War of Independence, d'Éon asked to join the French troops in America, but his banishment prevented him from doing so.

 In 1779, d'Éon published the memoirs La Vie Militaire, politique, et privée de Mademoiselle d'Éon. They were ghostwritten by a friend named La Fortelle, and are probably embellished.

She was allowed to return to England in 1785. The pension which had been granted by Louis XV was lost because of the French Revolution necessitating the sale of d'Éon's personal library, jewellery and plate. The family's properties in Tonnerre were confiscated by the revolutionary government. In 1792, she sent a letter to the French National Assembly, offering to lead a division of women soldiers against the Habsburgs, but the offer was rebuffed. D'Éon participated in fencing tournaments until being seriously wounded in Southampton in 1796. Her last years were spent with a widow, Mrs. Cole. 

In 1804 d'Éon was sent to a debtors' prison for five months, and signed a contract for a biography to be written by Thomas William Plummer. The book was never published, because d'Éon became paralyzed following a fall. Her final four years were spent bedridden, and on 21 May 1810 she died in poverty in London at the age of 81.

Doctors who examined the body after death discovered that the Chevalier was anatomically male.[6] She was buried in the churchyard of St Pancras Old Church. Her remaining possessions were sold by Christie's in 1813.

From Wikipedia.  Read entire article.

Tuesday, January 21, 2014

Elias and Maliha Yarn Painting

Click to enlarge and see how clever the chain mail is.
 
This unfinished yarn painting of Elias and Maliha from BELOVED PILGRIM by Christopher Hawthorne Moss is likewise by Christopher.  The background represents the Sublime Port, Constantinople.
 
Get the book from
 
 

Monday, January 20, 2014

Friday, January 17, 2014

Causes of Transexualism

From Wikipedia

Biological-based theories

Genetics

The androgen receptor (AR), also known as NR3C4, is activated by the binding of testosterone or dihydrotestosterone, where it plays a critical role in the forming of primary and secondary male sex characteristics. Hare et al. found that male-to-female transsexuals were found to have longer repeat lengths on the gene, which reduced its effectiveness at binding testosterone.[18]

A variant genotype for a gene called CYP17, which acts on the sex hormones pregnenolone and progesterone, has been found to be linked to female-to-male transsexualism but not MTF transsexualism. Most notably, the FTM subjects not only had the variant genotype more frequently, but had an allele distribution equivalent to male controls, unlike the female controls. The paper concluded that the loss of a female-specific CYP17 T -34C allele distribution pattern is associated with FtM transsexualism.[19]

Brain structur

In a first-of-its-kind study, Zhou et al. (1995) found that in a region of the brain called the bed nucleus of the stria terminalis (BSTc), a region known for sex and anxiety responses, MTF transsexuals have a female-normal size while FTM transsexuals have a male-normal size. While the transsexuals studied had taken hormones, this was accounted for by including non-transsexual male and female controls who, for a variety of medical reasons, had experienced hormone reversal. The controls still retained sizes typical for their gender. No relationship to sexual orientation was found.[20]

In a follow-up study, Kruijver et al. (2000) looked at the number of neurons in BSTc instead of volumes. They found the same results as Zhou et al. (1995), but with even more dramatic differences. One MTF subject who had never gone on hormones was also included, and who matched up with the female neuron counts nonetheless.[21]
In 2002, a follow-up study by Chung et al. found that significant sexual dimorphism (variation between sexes) in BSTc did not become established until adulthood. Chung et al. theorized that either changes in fetal hormone levels produce changes in BSTc synaptic density, neuronal activity, or neurochemical content which later lead to size and neuron count changes in BSTc, or that the size of BSTc is affected by the failure to generate a gender identity consistent with one's anatomic sex.[22]
In a review of the evidence in 2006, Gooren confirms the earlier research as supporting the concept that transsexualism is a sexual differentiation disorder of the sex dimorphic brain.[23] Dick Swaab (2004) concurs.[24]

In 2008, a new region with properties similar to that of BSTc in regards to transsexualism was found by Garcia-Falgueras and Swaab: the interstitial nucleus of the anterior hypothalamus (INAH3), part of the hypothalamic uncinate nucleus. The same method of controlling for hormone usage was used as in Zhou et al. (1995) and Kruijver et al. (2000). The differences were even more pronounced than with BSTc; control males averaged 1.9 times the volume and 2.3 times the neurons as control females, yet once again, regardless of hormone exposure, MTF transsexuals lay within the female range and the FTM transsexual within the male range.[25]
While the resolution of MRI tomographs in general can be fine enough, independent nuclei are not visible due to lack of contrast between different neurological tissue types. Therefore such images do not show detailed structures such as BSTc and INAH3, and studies on BSTC were done by bisecting brains postmortem.

However, MRI does much more easily allow the study of larger brain structures. In Luders et al. (2009), 24 MTF transsexuals not-yet treated with cross-sex hormones were studied via MRI. While regional gray matter concentrations were more similar to men than women, there was a significantly larger volume of gray matter in the right putamen compared to men. As with many earlier studies, they concluded that transsexualism is associated with a distinct cerebral pattern.[26]
An additional feature was studied in a group of FTM transsexuals who had not yet received cross-sex hormones: fractional anisotropy values for white matter in the medial and posterior parts of the right superior longitudinal fasciculus (SLF), the forceps minor, and the corticospinal tract. Rametti et al. (2010) discovered that, "Compared to control females, FtM showed higher FA values in posterior part of the right SLF, the forceps minor and corticospinal tract. Compared to control males, FtM showed only lower FA values in the corticospinal tract."[27]

Hulshoff Pol et al. (2006), studied the gross brain volume of subjects undergoing hormone treatment. They discovered that whole brain volume for subjects changes toward the size of the opposite reproductive sex during hormone treatment. The conclusion of the study was, "The findings suggest that, throughout life, gonadal hormones remain essential for maintaining aspects of sex-specific differences in the human brain."[28]

Brain function

Phantom limb syndrome is a common, often painful experience after the loss of an external organ. Ramachandran (2008) found that while nearly two thirds of non-transsexual males who have a penis surgically removed experience the sensation of a phantom penis, only one third of MTF transsexuals do so after sex reassignment surgery. Perhaps more remarkably, two-thirds of FTM transsexuals reported the sensation of a phantom penis from childhood onwards, replete with phantom erections and other phenomena.[29]

Berglund et al. (2008) tested the response of gynephilic MTF transsexuals to two sex pheromones: the progestin-like 4,16-androstadien-3-one (AND) and the estrogen-like 1,3,5(10),16-tetraen-3-ol (EST). Despite the difference in sexuality, the MTFs' hypothalamic networks activated in response to AND, like the androphilic female control groups. Both groups experienced amygdala activation in response to EST. Male control groups (gynephilic) experienced hypothalamic activation in response to EST. However, the MTF subjects also experienced limited hypothalamic activation to EST as well. The researchers' conclusion was, that in terms of pheromone activation, MTF's occupy an intermediate position with predominantly female features.[30] The MTF transsexual subjects had not undergone any hormonal treatment at the time of the study, according to their own declaration beforehand, and confirmed by repeated tests of hormonal levels.[31]

Prenatal androgen exposure

Prenatal androgen exposure, the lack thereof, or poor sensitivity to prenatal androgens are commonly cited mechanisms to explain the above discoveries. Schneider, Pickel, and Stalla (2006) found a correlation between digit ratio (a generally accepted marker for prenatal androgen exposure) and male to female transsexualism. MTF transsexuals were found to have a higher digit ratio than control males, but one that was comparable to control females.[32]


References

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  12. Jump up ^ Kruijver, F. P. M.; Zhou, JN; Pool, CW; Hofman, MA; Gooren, LJ; Swaab, DF (2000). "Male-to-Female Transsexuals Have Female Neuron Numbers in a Limbic Nucleus". Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism 85 (5): 2034–41. doi:10.1210/jc.85.5.2034. PMID 10843193. 
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  15. Jump up ^ Swaab, DF (2004). "Sexual differentiation of the human brain: relevance for gender identity, transsexualism and sexual orientation". Gynecological Endocrinology 19 (6): 301–12. doi:10.1080/09513590400018231. PMID 15724806. 
  16. Jump up ^ Garcia-Falgueras, A.; Swaab, D. F. (2008). "A sex difference in the hypothalamic uncinate nucleus: relationship to gender identity". Brain 131 (Pt 12): 3132–46. doi:10.1093/brain/awn276. PMID 18980961. 
  17. Jump up ^ Luders, Eileen; Sánchez, Francisco J.; Gaser, Christian; Toga, Arthur W.; Narr, Katherine L.; Hamilton, Liberty S.; Vilain, Eric (2009). "Regional gray matter variation in male-to-female transsexualism". NeuroImage 46 (4): 904–7. doi:10.1016/j.neuroimage.2009.03.048. PMC 2754583. PMID 19341803. 
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Thursday, January 16, 2014

Kit Moss Journal Entry

Before
January 2013

OK, here it is.. 2013.  Last year was so awful that I am glad to see it go.  It was about this time last year that it all started to unravel.  It really wasn't until later summer that I started to believe I would be OK.

As of January 1, though in fact I am already doing most or all of it, I am a full-time male.  I have a number of plans as to how to effect this in public perception.  The easy step I will take this Thursday when Lancer Forney cuts my hair.  Other physical changes will include packing everyday. I am already dressing in men's clothes down to my skivvies.

I have a bigger project to do that I will start this week, that is, to stop letting anyone know e as Nan Hawthorne.  I will ditch Na's blog and just put everything under Shield-wall Productions... I will have Nan's books on it but will make clear it's now a sort of pseudonym for Kit.  I will insist on people using Kit's email address, doing what I can find to do to make sure email all goes to the real me.  I will start going through my various logins and changing them where I can.

Where the change will be delicate, perhaps the landlady or whatever, I will use the ruse that I am using a nom de plume full time.  They will just have to accept that or not.

The one thing I can't do just yet is use Kit anywhere where a legal name is required.  I will lo9ok for work-arounds where I can.

Am I nervous?  Yeah.  But I am also relieved.  It's been 61 years coming.

After

Note: Send me your journal entries for publication here.